Adjustment Disorder and Internet Gaming Disorder

(Photo by Fredrick Tendong on Unsplash)

The final project for my Online Digital Obsessions class asked us to create a fictitious patient with an electronic addiction, adopt the role of a college counselor, do a full psychosocial assessment, and create a treatment plan for this patient’s therapeutic intervention. In the end, we were required to predict the challenges and outcomes for this patient. At this time, there is no official diagnosis, “Internet Gaming Disorder.” The proposed diagnosis was referred for further study by the American Psychiatric Association. However, it is expected to be adopted in the future. Playing video games is only a problem when it becomes the dominant interest in somebody’s life and undermines their normal functioning in day-to-day living.

Adjustment Disorder and Internet Gaming Disorder

by Dawn Pisturino

Thomas Edison State University

Introduction

       Jeremy Reed is an 18-year-old Caucasian male who was referred to counseling by his academic advisor for depression.  He says that adjusting to university life has been difficult, and he has been feeling increasingly depressed.  He began playing World of Warcraft on his computer to relieve stress and cope with his depressed feelings.  He became so involved in the game that he began neglecting his homework, and his grades are suffering.  His academic advisor referred him to counseling so he does not lose his full-ride scholarship to the university. 

       The client says that playing World of Warcraft makes him “feel good,” and he does not want to stop.  He has made new friends and become a “top player.”  He admits to feeling more depressed and irritable when he is not playing the game.  I explain to Jeremy—who is a biology major—that he feels good when he plays World of Warcraft because the activity activates the reward system in his brain and stimulates the release of dopamine.  The more he activates this system, however, the more he craves the gratifying pleasure produced by the game.  He needs to spend more hours playing the game to reach that same level of pleasure and craves playing the game when he is not able to do so.  Playing the game has become more important to him than his academic performance, so he is neglecting his schoolwork and falling behind.  As he loses control over his impulse to play, I explain, his life will spiral more and more out of control.  He is at great risk for not sleeping and eating, neglecting his hygiene, alienating his roommate, and losing his scholarship and admission to the university if he does not reduce his game playing and start improving his academic performance.  Jeremy agrees that this is true but also states that he does not want to completely give up playing the game (Gros et al., 2020, pp. 2-4; Tavormina & Tavormina, 2017, pp. 422-424).

Clinical Assessment

       For this assessment, I am using the Therapist Clinical Assessment/Psychosocial Assessment tools used routinely at Flagstaff Medical Center Behavioral Health Unit in Flagstaff, Arizona, and the PHQ-9 questionnaire because I am familiar with these forms.  The PHQ-9 is used to screen clients for symptoms of depression and has a proven track record of accuracy and reliability.  Clients who fill out the form are scored based on their responses.  Scores equal to or greater than 10 can indicate a depressive disorder (American Psychological Association, 2020, para. 1-2).

       The client, Jeremy Reed, presents as withdrawn with a flat affect and a disheveled appearance.  His thought processes are linear and logical with organized thinking.  He is alert and oriented.  His speech is coherent and clear, but he is delayed in his responses.  His psychomotor activity appears normal, but he makes poor eye contact.  His thought content is realistic, but he exhibits poor insight into his excessive video game activity even though his memory and judgment are within normal limits.  He denies hearing voices, having hallucinations, or experiencing extreme mood swings.

       Jeremy denies any current suicidal and homicidal ideation.  He denies any actual self-harm or harm to others.  He denies any thoughts of suicide/homicide in the past or making any gestures or threats of violence against others.

       The client denies any history of sexual, verbal, emotional, or physical abuse.  He does not recall witnessing any extreme acts of violence.  He reports that his parents argue sometimes but always resolve their differences amicably.  He is an only child and has no half-siblings or step-siblings.

       Jeremy confirms that he is a healthy heterosexual male with little sexual experience.  He is currently single and not sexually active.  Although he would like to have a girlfriend, he believes it would interfere even more with his studies.

       The client says he is a nominal Protestant and only attends church at Christmas and Easter.  He has experimented with yoga and meditation in the past to live a healthier lifestyle.  He does not routinely pray or engage in spiritual practices.

       Jeremy currently lives on campus in a dorm and has no housing needs.  He is unemployed at the moment but worked part-time at Burger King in high school.  He is studying biology and plans a career as a biologist.  Since he has a full-ride scholarship to the university, his parents help out with his expenses.  He says he does not want to lose his scholarship or disappoint his parents.

       The client has no military experience and no legal difficulties.  He has never been arrested or suspended from school. As far as he knows, his developmental history was normal.

       Jeremy says he played basketball in high school and still enjoys playing when he can find the time and other players.  He has no significant medical history, no known allergies, and takes no prescribed medications. The client appears well-nourished and physically fit.  His tonsils were removed at age 10.  He broke his arm when he fell off his bike at age 12.  He is already registered with the university’s student health services.  Currently, he reports staying up late playing video games, feeling tired the next day, and eating too much junk food.  He says he lacks the motivation and concentration to study.

       The client denies any mental health history.  He states that his depression and anxiety began a couple of months ago when he began his freshman year of college.  This is his first time living away from home, and he is having trouble adjusting to university life, living with a roommate, and being away from his family.  He is carrying a full load of credits and feels stressed out and overwhelmed by all the homework, expectations, and pressure.

       Jeremy believes his paternal grandfather was a heavy smoker and alcohol drinker.  His father drinks alcohol occasionally, mostly on holidays.  His mother takes Vistaril occasionally for anxiety.  He admits to trying cannabis twice but did not like it.  He denies all other substance use except alcohol, which he uses occasionally on the weekends.  His only source of caffeine is Coca-Cola.

       The client states that his main form of recreation right now is playing Internet video games, i.e., World of Warcraft.  He wants to cut back and resume his studying, but he derives a lot of satisfaction from the game and does not want to stop playing the game completely.  He admits that he loses track of time while on the game.  He is not fully motivated to quit.

       Jeremy describes his strengths as being goal-oriented and a good student.  He is strongly motivated to complete his college degree and start work as a biologist.  He describes his weaknesses as being too introverted and serious.  He believes he has poor coping skills when it comes to stress.  He wants help overcoming his depression and anxiety but says he is not interested in taking medication.  Although he does not see playing video games as a serious problem, he admits that it has already affected his grades and academic standing.  His PHQ-9 score is 13, with 4 boxes checked in the gray areas.  His score indicates moderate depression that is making it difficult for him to function at his normal baseline (American Psychological Association, 2020, para. 1-3).

Probable Diagnoses and Treatment Plan

Probable Diagnoses

Problem #1 – Adjustment Disorder with Mixed Anxiety and Depressed Mood (ICD Code   F43.23) ( ICD-10 Coded, 2022, para. 1)          

       Adjustment disorder occurs when a person is faced with a stressful life situation, such as going away to school.  Jeremy describes having a difficult time adjusting to university life and being away from home.  He has no prior history of depression, anxiety, or other mental health issues.  His symptoms appeared less than three months ago after arriving on campus for his freshman year, meeting the DSM-V criteria.  He reports increasing depression and anxiety that are affecting his ability to cope with his new situation.  If Jeremy agrees with the assessment and treatment plan, his prognosis looks good. (American Psychiatric Association, 2015, pp. 120-121; Kenardy, 2014, para. 1-3; Mayo Clinic, 2023, para. 1-13).

Problem #2 – Internet Gaming Disorder (no ICD code until ICD-11) ( Petry et al., 2015, pp. 1,7)

       Internet gaming disorder (IGD) appears in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5^th Edition (DSM-V) in Section III under the heading of “Conditions for Further Study.”  The DSM-V provides criteria for IGD that closely align with the criteria for other addictive disorders, like substance use disorder and gambling disorder.  Clients who meet at least five of the criteria could be considered suffering from or at high risk for Internet gaming disorder (Petry et al., 2015, pp. 1-5).

       Jeremy has been playing Internet video games to relieve stress, anxiety, and depression.  He has been spending increasing amounts of time playing video games and spending less time sleeping and studying.  As a result, his academic performance has declined, and he risks losing his full-ride scholarship.  Currently, Jeremy meets six of the criteria on the DSM-V list of criteria: preoccupation, tolerance, neglecting other activities, escapism, and risking losing his educational opportunities.  He has only been playing for a couple of months and is not fully motivated to quit, even though he recognizes that he needs to make some changes in his life.  If he agrees with the assessment and treatment plan, however, his prognosis looks good (Petry et al., 2015, pp. 2-3).                                           

Treatment Plan

Goals and Objective

       Jeremy’s primary concern is protecting his full-ride scholarship and earning his biology degree.  His second goal is to learn new coping skills to deal with his depression, anxiety, and stress.  His third goal is to achieve more balance in his life between studying and recreation.  His fourth goal is to reduce his time playing video games and participate in more physical activities, like basketball.  Overall, the client’s objective is to return to his normal baseline status before going away to college.  He wants the same self-confidence and control over his life that he had before.  He wants to regain his motivation and commitment to studying and succeeding in school.  He wants a positive outcome that will help him grow as a person and mature into adulthood.

Action Plan

       Psychotherapy is the primary evidence-based treatment for both adjustment disorder and Internet gaming disorder (IGD).  The client will benefit from weekly psychotherapy sessions to discuss how and why leaving home and starting college has made such a huge impact on his well-being, including his use of video games to relieve stress.  If psychotherapy is insufficient to stabilize the client, a course of medication may be helpful.  The client, however, is unwilling to try medication at this time (American Psychiatric Association, 2015, pp. 63, 121; Gros et al., 2020, p. 15; Kenardy, 2014, para. 4, 6-7, 10; Mayo Clinic, 2023, para. 22-23; Petry et al., 2015, p. 6; Tavormina & Tavormina, 2017, p. 424; Torres-Rodriguez et al., 2017, pp. 1003, 1005-1006, 1010-1011).

Interventions

       Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in helping clients to recognize and re-frame harmful patterns of thought and behavior.  The client will be referred to a therapist who is proficient in CBT since it has been proven successful in treating both adjustment disorder and IGD.  I will encourage the client to continue seeing me on a weekly basis at the clinic for one-to-one motivational and support counseling and provide him with opportunities to participate in clinical workshops that will help him to learn new skills in stress management, anger management, relaxation activities, mindfulness and resilience training, and goal-focused solutions.  With Jeremy’s cooperation, we will devise a schedule that maps out times for study, recreation, and playing video games that supports his class schedule and enhances his goals and objective.  I will suggest that he join a campus support group for new students.  I will refer him to mental health peer support services for monitoring and help.  If the client requires medication, I will refer him to a psychiatrist or psychiatric nurse practitioner for evaluation and prescriptions. 

I will get consent from the client to speak to his parents, make them aware of the situation, and offer them support.  Since Jeremy is in a vulnerable age group, he needs intense support to get through this temporary setback.  Otherwise, this could turn into an ongoing issue (American Psychiatric Association, 2015, pp. 63, 121; Gros et al., 2020, p. 15; Kenardy, 2014, para. 4, 6-7, 10; Mayo Clinic, 2023, para. 22-23; Petry et al., 2015, p. 6; Tavormina & Tavormina, 2017, p. 424; Torres-Rodriguez et al., 2017, pp. 1003, 1005-1006, 1010-1011).

Challenges

       Since Jeremy is highly motivated to protect his full-ride scholarship and complete his degree, his prognosis is good as long as he follows the treatment plan.  Challenges include ongoing depression, anxiety, and stress that may undermine his motivation, time constraints due to carrying a full load, and relapsing on playing video games.  I will provide him with literature and books that will help him to understand the biological, neurological, and psychological nature of his problems.  This may pique his interest as a biology student and keep him involved in his therapy.  I will suggest that he drop any extra credits that he is taking.  The client will be given positive encouragement and reinforcement to stick to his goals.  I will work with his assigned  peer support person to monitor his progress and participation.

Conclusion

       Eighteen-year-old Jeremy Reed was referred to my office for depression, anxiety, and excessive playing of video games by his academic advisor.  Jeremy’s symptoms began when he moved into the campus dorm to start his freshman year of college a few months ago.  Since then, he has been spending more time playing video games and less time studying.  His academic performance has suffered, putting his full-ride scholarship at risk.

       This client is positive for symptoms of adjustment disorder and Internet gaming disorder.  His age makes him a high risk for long-term mental health issues, including suicide, if he does not participate in treatment.  If he cannot control, reduce, or eliminate his video game activity, he will continue to decline academically, which will impact other areas of his life (Kenardy, 2014, para. 2).

References

American Psychiatric Association. (2015). Understanding mental disorders: Your guide to

       dsm-5. Washington: American Psychiatric Publishing.

American Psychological Association. (2020). Patient health questionnaire. American

       psychological association. Retrieved from

       http://www.apa.org/pi/about/publications/caregivers/practice-settings/assessment/tools/

       patient-health.

Gros, L., Debue, N., Lete, J., van de Leemput, C. (2020). Video game addiction and emotional

       states: Possible confusion between pleasure and happiness. Frontiers in psychology.

       doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02894.

ICD-10 Coded. (2022). ICD-10-cm code f43.23. ICD-10 coded. Retrieved from

       http://www.icd10coded.com/cm/F43.23/

Kenardy, J. (2014). Treatment guidance for common mental health disorders: Adjustment

       disorder. Australian psychological society inpsych 2014, 36(5). Retrieved from

       http://www.psychology.org.au/inpsych/2014/october/kenardy.

Mayo Staff Writers. (2023). Adjustment disorders. Mayo clinic. Retrieved from

       http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adjustment-disorders/diagnosis-treatment/

       drc-20355230.

Petry, N.M., Rehbein, F., Ko, C., O’Brien, C.P. (2015). Internet gaming disorder in the dsm-5.

       Current psychiatry reports, 17(72). doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0610-0.

Tavormina, M.G.M., Tavormina, R. (2017). Playing with video games: Going to a new

       addiction. Psychiatria danubina, 29(3), 422-426.

Torres-Rodriguez, A., Griffiths, M.D., Carbonell, X. (2017). The treatment of internet gaming

       disorder: A brief overview of the pipatic program. International journal of mental health

       addiction. doi: 10.1007/s11469-017-9825-0.  

~

Dawn Pisturino, RN

February 19, 2023; March 24, 2023

Copyright 2023 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

The Healing Power of Music

(Photo by Dark Rider on Unsplash)

The Healing Power of Music

by Dawn Pisturino

Both Aristotle and Plato commented on the healing power of music. But it was not until the 20th century that the idea of music therapy began to take hold.

Music therapists are trained healthcare professionals who utilize music to encourage wellness, healing, and a better quality of life. They work in psychiatric facilities, hospitals, nursing homes, hospice programs, schools, and other organizations.

People with mental illness benefit from the influence that music has over mood and emotions. In the hospital setting, music has been used to reduce pain and suffering, relieve tension, and promote sleep.  Nursing homes employ music therapists to keep senior citizens active and socially involved. Music has been used in hospice programs to provide comfort, relaxation, and a better quality of life for people who are terminally ill. Music therapy is used in special learning programs at schools to improve communication and coordination skills.

Research has shown that music can improve depression and insomnia, reduce blood pressure, lower respiration and heart rates, and alleviate nausea caused by chemotherapy.

Children who take music lessons tend to have higher IQ scores and do better in school. In the home, music is a valuable tool for reducing stress, engaging in physical exercise, and creating a more positive environment. Employers have found that background music in the workplace can help reduce stress among employees.

Listening to the sounds of nature can also be therapeutic. Birds singing, waves crashing on the beach, a babbling brook, the wind blowing playfully through wind chimes, whale songs, the purring of a cat — these all have the power to soothe frazzled nerves and fill us with a sense of comfort and joy.

Dawn Pisturino

April 2, 2007; March 13, 2023

Copyright 2007-2023 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

Published in The Kingman Daily Miner, April 24, 2007.

[Please note that I will not be posting again until Friday]





Electronic Addictions, Las Vegas Style

(Photo by Nathana Rebouças on Unsplash)

When people go into a casino, they are mesmerized by the colors, bright lights, and dinging bells of slot machines that, nowadays, look suspiciously like video games. In fact, the video game craze has influenced what kinds of games casinos offer to their customers. The live-action table games are slowly being replaced with interactive video games. Not only is this cost-effective for casinos, but machines can be manipulated to take more of the customer’s money.

But why are people so attracted to the Las Vegas type of bells and whistles that they find in casinos, amusement parks, and video arcades? Why are they mesmerized by these same effects on their video games, computers, and smartphones? Are consumers being trained to use electronic devices like toys – and not just tools for business and communication?

According to an article posted on the Psychology Today website, “the typical American spends about 1460 hours per year on their smartphone” (Brooks, 2019, para. 2). The author attributes this behavior to the variable ratio reinforcement schedule, a conditioning process that draws users over and over again to their electronic devices, and in particular, video games. With the right psychological rewards in place, users can quickly become hooked (Brooks, 2019, para. 3).

In a variable ratio reinforcement schedule, rewards are delivered randomly so that the electronic device user has to use the device more and more in order to get the psychological reward. If the user stops using the device, he gets no reward. But if he keeps going, the reward will eventually be delivered, hooking the user even more (Brooks, 2019, para. 4-5).

Why does this happen? Dopamine is released by the brain when the reward system is activated. A random reward reinforces the reward system further, leading the electronic device user to unconsciously look for the stimulus that delivers the reward (Brooks, 2019, para. 7).

The anticipation and expectation of reward entice the device user to keep using the device and receiving the reward once more . . . over and over again . . . until the user has lost control over his own impulses. Unless the user has strong sales resistance and self-discipline, he may find himself glued to his device, drawn there like a bee to honey. This is why the mental health diagnosis of impulse control has become so pertinent to the abuse and overuse of electronic devices (Brooks, 2019, para. 8).

Reference

Brooks, M. (2019). The “vegas effect” of our screens. Psychology Today. Retrieved from

       http://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/tech-happy-life/201901/the-vegas-effect-our-screens.

Dawn Pisturino

Thomas Edison State University

January 7, 2023; January 23, 2023

Copyright 2023 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

Reprise: Lessons from Lewis Carroll

Have you ever felt like Alice falling down the rabbit hole? It wasn’t until she hit rock bottom that she found the tools to cope with her environment.

Or what about the White Rabbit? His obsession with time makes him sound like a classic Type A personality.

We all know people who act as if they are running a marathon race against Time. The most familiar thing out of their mouths is, “I’m busy. I don’t have time. Not right now. Good grief, I have to be somewhere in five minutes!”

Like the Red Queen, they are always running in place and getting nowhere fast. And no matter how hard they try to catch up, they never will. And no matter how much we try to convince them to slow down, they never will—until they suffer a heart attack or some other misfortune.

Appearing and disappearing like the Cheshire cat, they smile smugly and proudly tell us how terribly important they are; but they may as well be saying, “We’re all mad here. I’m mad. You’re mad.”

“How do you know I’m mad?” said Alice.

“You must be,” said the Cat,” or you wouldn’t have come here.”

Alice had many curious adventures in Wonderland, but even she had her limits. When she finally got tired of the Queen of Hearts screaming, “Off with their heads!” and all the other zany, madcap characters, she stood up and cried, “I can’t stand this any longer!”

And with one pull of the tablecloth, she was back home again with her beloved kitten Dinah.

The wacky world of Lewis Carroll can be seen as a reflection of our own crazy world. And, just like Alice, we sometimes have to pull ourselves in many directions to adapt to our environment. But when we can no longer tolerate living in this way, it’s time to stand up and shout, “Enough is enough!”

(White Rabbit – Jefferson Airplane)

Dawn Pisturino

2007; January 18, 2023

Published in The Kingman Daily Miner, September 11, 2007.

Copyright 2007-2023 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.





Ayurvedic Land and Seed Theory: Cleansing to Restore Balance

An important concept in Ayurveda (traditional East Indian medicine) is the land and seed theory.

It’s really very simple. The body is the “land.” The “seed” is a virus, bacteria, toxic substance — anything that can take root and cause disease. 

In order to function properly, the body needs to maintain balance through good digestion and regular elimination. When toxins build up in the system through poor diet, inadequate digestion, or slow elimination, the “land” becomes fertile for the “seed” to grow and thrive, thereby causing discomfort and illness.

We restore the body’s balance by periodically following a cleansing regimen. In Ayurveda, this is recommended at every change in season, but you can do this whenever you feel the need.

Since stress negatively impacts the digestive tract, reduce the amount of stress in your life by getting enough sleep and practicing meditation and other stress-relieving acivities.

Physical activity energizes both the digestive and immune systems. Engage in daily exercise, and don’t be afraid to sweat! Sweating opens up the pores and allows toxins to escape through the skin. Breathe deeply, and open up the lungs.

Treat yourself to a massage or visit a spa. Take a warm bath or shower every day. (Jacuzzis, steam baths, and hot tubs feel wonderful!)

Flush out your system with plenty of water, fruit juice, vegetable juice, and herbal tea. Dandelion root tea is especially beneficial in detoxifying the body.

Promote regular elimination by eating plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables. Add more fiber to your diet with whole grains and legumes.

Since this is a cleansing diet, avoid junk food, fatty food, processed food, sweets, soft drinks, alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine. Limit your intake of meat and dairy products.

Spice up your meals with liberal amounts of fresh herbs and spices. Cilantro, mint, lemon, basil, ginger, turmeric, cumin, coriander, clove, fenugreek, cinnamon, black pepper, and fennel whet the appetite and stimulate the digestive juices. Use extra-virgin olive oil whenever possible.

Prepare cool, light meals in summer and warm, nourishing meals in winter.

Follow this regimen for at least 30 days. People with chronic health problems or disabilities should consult a physician before making any diet changes or engaging in physical activity.

Dawn Pisturino, RN

2007; January 9, 2023

Published in The Kingman Daily Miner, June 7, 2007.

Copyright 2007-2023 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

Happy Thanksgiving!

Autumn to Winter

by Dawn Pisturino

The old year is fading

and Autumn blows

the misty clouds

of Winter our way.

(A runaway grizzly bear meets Jack Frost and Old Man Winter in this vintage cartoon from 1934. My father loved these old cartoons.)

(My favorite Thanksgiving hymn – “We Gather Together”)

(George Winston playing his beautiful and inspiring piece, “Thanksgiving.” My mother adored George Winston.)

My parents always came for Thanksgiving. Now that they are gone, I always think of them at this time of year.

PSALM 95:1-5 (NKJV)

Oh come, let us sing to the LORD! Let us shout joyfully to the Rock of our salvation. Let us come before His presence with thanksgiving; let us shout joyfully to Him with psalms. For the LORD is the great God, and the great King above all gods. In His hand are the deep places of the earth; the heights of the hills are His also. The sea is His, for He made it; and His hands formed the dry land.

PLEASE NOTE: I WILL NOT BE POSTING ANYTHING UNTIL SOME TIME NEXT WEEK.

Have a joyful and blessed Thanksgiving!

~

Dawn Pisturino

November 23, 2022

Copyright 2022 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

The Many Paths of Yoga

Yoga is a Sanskrit word meaning union or communion. The purpose of practicing yoga is to achieve oneness with the Supreme Universal Spirit.

Yogis view the universe as an emanation of God’s love, and they see His essence in all things. Through the serious practice of yoga, they learn to realize the divine source within themselves, transcend the material world, and become one with the Divine Power.

Yoga encompasses many paths.

Karma Yoga– the path of action – involves attaining enlightenment and unity through selfless service to others without any expectation of reward. 

Bhakti Yoga– the emotional path – requires total absorption in a personal deity and is marked by intense love and devotion, and deep prayer and meditation.

The intellectual path is called jnana yoga, which emphasizes the study of sacred scripture and ancient wisdom.

Hatha yoga is concerned with physical self-discipline through the diligent practice of asanas, or postures. This form of yoga has become very popular in the West over the last few decades.

These postures were developed over thousands of years to exercise the muscles, nerves, and glands. They tone the body, increase flexibility, help to eliminate toxins, stimulate the release of hormones, and promote mental, physical, and spiritual balance.

People who consistently practice these postures report greater levels of energy and vitality, lightness of body, mental clarity, and a heightened sense of well-being. With persistence, they develop discipline of both mind and body, deeper spiritual awareness, and a sense of unity with the Divine.

Raja yoga literally means “king yoga” and is considered the supreme path, for it seeks both mental and spiritual discipline. Raja yogis struggle to purify and perfect their minds, bodies, and spirits through constant practice of yogic principles, including all the paths of yoga mentioned above. Yogis who succeed are regarded as saints. They are recognized by their profound love for humanity, their wisdom, their power to relieve suffering, and the feelings of peace and serenity which they bring to others.

~

Dawn Pisturino, RN
March 2, 2007; September 26, 2022
Copyright 2007-2022 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

Peace, Serenity with T’ai Chi

(Photo by Mark Hang Fung So on Unsplash)

T’ai Chi is a Chinese system of gentle exercise movements which developed mainly out of Taoist philosophy to promote general good health and a less violent form of self-defense.

Lao Tzu, who developed the philosophy of Taoism in the sixth century B.C., believed that human beings could find peace and serenity by understanding and acting in accordance with the flow of nature. The slow, fluid movements in T’ai Chi reflect the constant ebb and flow of opposing universal energies, called the yin and yang.

T’ai Chi has many benefits. The graceful movements can be easily learned, with practice, by people of all ages. No special equipment is needed, and the exercises can be performed in a relatively small space.

T’ai Chi provides good exercise, lays the foundation for self-defense techniques, increases mental alertness, and improves meditation abilities. As individuals progress, they often develop a more tranquil frame of mind. T’ai Chi incorporates movement meditation along with quiet meditation, based on Taoist meditation and breathing techniques.

T’ai Chi developed as an internal martial art that emphasizes wisdom and development of the mind over body. It allows practitioners to balance internal energy, called ch’i, in order to improve general health and generate new power. The use of vital energy from within becomes a self-healing modality as well as a potent force for self-defense.

T’ai Chi practitioners become highly aware of the benefits of cultivating this energy (ch’i): more rapid recovery from injury and illness, increased energy and libido, greater physical strength and flexibility, better balance and stability, improved stamina, and a stronger immune system.

Many senior citizens have found that the regular practice of T’ai Chi exercises helps them to remain more flexible and active.

(Learn T’ai Chi with Jack Mace on YouTube)

Dawn Pisturino

February 3, 2007; July 25, 2022
Published in The Kingman Daily Miner, March 27, 2007
Copyright 2007-2022 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

Dirty Feet

“I will not let anyone walk through my mind with their dirty feet.”

~ Mahatma Gandhi ~

Gandhi was a spiritual man full of wisdom and keen insight. What exactly does he mean here?

One of the first practices we learn on the spiritual path is to protect ourselves from the negative influences of the material world. A Hindu tenet is to live in the world but not of the world. In other words, although we have to live, work, love, and function in material society, our minds should be focused on our own spiritual growth. We protect ourselves from the influences of negative energy by wrapping ourselves in a cloak of blue or white light (or some other form of spiritual protection). We eat healthy, wholesome foods. We clear our minds of negative thoughts and accentuate the positive. We practice patience and forgiveness and push those dark feelings of hatred and anger from our hearts. We take care of our bodies in ways that honor and promote LIFE. We avoid hateful, chaotic, negative people. We surround ourselves with beauty, cleanliness, aromatic fragrances, peace, tranquility, and serenity. We remain calm in the face of danger and adversity. We strive to help others. We extend our hands in friendship and kindness. We turn off the noise, the hate, the violence, the chaos, the insanity directed at all of us by the media and loud, angry, hateful people. 

And it does not matter whether we are Christian, Muslim, Jew, Hindu, Buddhist, Wiccan, or any other spiritual affiliation. The principles remain the same. Meditation and contemplation; prayer; trusting in a higher power; opening up our minds and hearts to the positive flow of energy; cleansing our minds and hearts of negative thoughts, feelings, and influences; striving to be a constructive force in the world instead of a destructive force; projecting light and a ray of hope in a dark world – all of us have the capability to shine like the brightest star in the night sky. But it takes commitment and work and a sincere belief that we all contain a divine essence inside ourselves.

May the divine spark in you shine brightly!

Dawn Pisturino

July 20, 2022

Copyright 2022 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.

Balancing Body, Mind, and Spirit

When you look in a mirror, what do you see? Two eyes, a mouth, two shoulders, hands, legs, and feet. But you also have a mind for thinking, planning, creating, remembering, and dreaming. You own emotions such as love, hate, anger, despair; and a spirit which searches for meaning and validation.

Even though you can’t see it, you know that your mind exists and is functioning on a day-to-day basis. You are keenly aware of your shifting emotions, even though you can’t touch them. In the face of obstacles, you call upon your inner spirit to face those obstacles and overcome them.

If you were just a body, you would function like a robot performing tasks in a mechanical fashion without deviating from the routine. If you were all mind, you wouldn’t need a body. If you were all spirit, you wouldn’t need this world at all.

Once you recognize that you are made of body, mind, and spirit, you can see yourself as a whole person. You can appreciate the beauty and wonder of yourself. Science has dissected the physical body for centuries and still has not discovered all of its secrets. Psychiatrists have tried to analyze and understand the mind, to no avail. The imagination continues to amaze and delight all of us. The world of the spirit is an infinite frontier yet to be explored. 

When you are living in balance, you are addressing the needs of body, mind, and spirit. You nourish the body with food, the mind with knowledge, and the spirit with faith and hope.

You know when you are feeling out of balance. You know when you are experiencing too much stress. You know when you are not eating right or getting enough sleep. You know when you are feeling lost and empty inside. You know when you are consumed with love or rage. You know when your body craves exercise, your mind seeks quiet, and your spirit needs comfort.

Stop for a moment. Listen to yourself. Your body, mind, and spirit are speaking to you. They are asking to be recognized and nourished. You know already what to do. If in doubt, seek help.

January 22, 2007; June 30, 2022

Published in The Kingman Daily Miner, March 6, 2007

Copyright 2007-2022 Dawn Pisturino. All Rights Reserved.